Figure 1 ¹H NMR (400 MHz) spectra of FCNA (a) and D-FCNA (g) in CDCl₃; ¹H NMR (400 MHz) spectra of FCNA after irradiation by 365 nm light (b), 410 nm (c) and white light (d) for 5 min (d) in microcrystals, followed by dissolution in CDCl₃; ¹H NMR (400 MHz) spectrum of FCNA after successive irradiation by 365 nm light for 30 min and 254 nm light for 45 min in microcrystals, followed by dissolution in CDCl₃ (e); ¹H NMR (400 MHz) spectrum of FCNA after irradiation by 365 nm light for 30 min and heating at 70 °C for 45 min in microcrystals, followed by dissolution in CDCl₃ (f); the length as well as the width for the π-dimer of FCNA and D-FCNA in single crystals.

Figure 2 Optical microscope photos of the needle-like crystal of FCNA (1.0 mm × 0.02 mm × 0.02 mm) before and after irradiation with white light (a) and then with 254 nm light (b) for different time (the irradiation direction is from left to right); optical microscope photos of the needle-like crystal of FCNA (2.4 mm× 0.02 mm× 0.02 mm) before and after irradiation with 365 nm light for 14 s (the irradiation direction: from right to left), followed by heating from 20 °C to 120 °C (c); photos of the photo-induced bending (d, e), twisting (f) and lifting a small cotton ball of the stripe-like PVDF film incorporated with FCNA under 365 nm light (g), the purple arrows indicate the irradiation direction.